5. 双金属铂基纳米材料在生物传感器中的应用
双金属铂基纳米材料因其独特的高电化学活性与极高的灵敏度,常应用于生物传感器研发。Xiao 等人系统综述了双金属金-铂(AuPt)纳米酶在食品安全监测中的应用,指出AuPt纳米酶在催化性能上优于单金属及其他基于金的双金属杂交酶,这是由于其比色、催化、几何和集合等协同特性。该综述涵盖了种子介导生长和不同还原剂的单锅合成方法,以及比色法、电化学和多模态传感等检测模式[16]。Kalkal 等人研究了金属有机框架/埃洛石纳米复合材料在生物医学中的应用,制备了HNTs@ZIF-8用于抗肿瘤治疗,为铂基纳米材料的载体设计提供了新思路[17]。Zhai 等人设计了以锌、镁为代表的金属基刺激响应纳米平台,虽然主要关注ZnO纳米材料,但其构建的具有双重响应性能的纳米体系为铂基纳米材料的设计提供了重要参考,特别是在深层组织相关疾病治疗中的智能治疗系统构建方面[18]。
目前,铂纳米颗粒与DNA相互作用的系统研究仍较为薄弱,尤其是在单链与双链DNA结合差异、热力学驱动机制及结合位点等方面缺乏深入探讨。基于此,本项目拟采用多光谱法、等温滴定量热及分子对接模拟等手段,系统阐明PtNPs与不同构象DNA的结合模式与热力学规律,并评估其生物相容性,为铂纳米材料在基因递送、生物传感及纳米安全评估等领域的应用提供理论依据。
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